The FY2025–26 resident top marginal rate of 45% applies to taxable income **above $190,000**. Working: the top bracket is **$190,001 and over** in whole-dollar terms, calculated as **$51,638 plus 45c for each $1 over $190,000**. The Medicare levy is separate.

Controlling authority: the rates are set by Commonwealth law — the **Income Tax Rates Act 1986 (Cth)**, enacted by the **Australian Parliament** — and administered/published by the **Australian Taxation Office (ATO)**.