**Top-bracket threshold (2025–26): $190,000**

Working:

- Taxable income up to $190,000: marginal rates rise to 37%.
- Taxable income **above $190,000**: the excess is taxed at the top marginal rate of **45%**.

Therefore, the 45% bracket starts at **$190,000** (applying to income over that amount).

**Controlling authority:** *Income Tax Rates Act 1986* (Cth), as amended, particularly Schedule 7.