For an Australian resident individual in the 2025-26 financial year, the top marginal income tax rate of 45 per cent begins to apply to taxable income above **$190,000**. The top tax bracket starts at exactly **$190,001**. 

The controlling authority that sets the resident individual income tax rates is the **Parliament of Australia** (the Australian Federal Government) via legislation, and the rates are administered and enforced by the **Australian Taxation Office (ATO)**.